雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)測(ce)野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)KS-500型試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)注(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi) 雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)測(ce)野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu) 一(yi)、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)意義(yi) 雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)測(ce)定(ding)包(bao)氣(qi)(qi)帶(dai)非(fei)飽和(he)(he)(he)松(song)散(san)(san)巖(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)簡易(yi)方法(fa)(fa)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)果更(geng)接(jie)近實際情況。利(li)用(yong)這個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)資料研究區(qu)域(yu)性水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均衡以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、灌區(qu)、渠道滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)漏量(liang)(liang)(liang)等都是(shi)(shi)十分(fen)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。 二(er)、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方法(fa)(fa) 野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)測(ce)定(ding)包(bao)氣(qi)(qi)帶(dai)非(fei)飽和(he)(he)(he)松(song)散(san)(san)巖(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)法(fa)(fa)，單環(huan)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)。其中(zhong)(zhong)雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)zui高(gao)。 三、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)原理(li) 在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文地質邊界以(yi)(yi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)地表松(song)散(san)(san)巖(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進行注(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，使滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)到穩定(ding)，即(ji)單位(wei)(wei)(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)近似相等時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，再(zai)(zai)利(li)用(yong)達(da)西定(ding)律(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原理(li)求出滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)（K）值(zhi)(zhi)。 在(zai)坑(keng)底嵌入(ru)兩個(ge)(ge)高(gao)約20cm，直徑(jing)分(fen)別為0.25m和(he)(he)(he)0.5m的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)環(huan)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)往內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)、外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)環(huan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)注(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，并保持內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)柱都保持在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)(yi)0.1m為宜，由于外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)約束(shu)作(zuo)用(yong)使內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)只能垂(chui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)，因(yin)而排除了側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)誤差，因(yin)此它(ta)比試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)單環(huan)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)都高(gao)。 圖1雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)示意圖 四、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)儀(yi)器 雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)、鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)鍬、尺(chi)子(zi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)桶、膠帶(dai)、橡(xiang)皮管 五、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)步驟 （1）選擇試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)場地，在(zai)潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)埋(mai)藏(zang)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大于5m的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方為好。如(ru)果潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)埋(mai)深(shen)小(xiao)于2m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因(yin)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)路徑(jing)太短(duan)，測(ce)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)真實，就不(bu)要(yao)使用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。 （2）按(an)雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)法(fa)(fa)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)示意圖，安(an)裝(zhuang)好試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。 （3）往內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)、外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)環(huan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)注(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，并保持內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)柱都保持在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)(yi)0.1m為宜。 （4）按(an)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)觀(guan)(guan)測(ce)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。開(kai)始時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大，觀(guan)(guan)測(ce)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)短(duan)，稍后可按(an)一(yi)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)比如(ru)每10分(fen)鐘觀(guan)(guan)測(ce)一(yi)次(ci)，直至單位(wei)(wei)(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)到相對穩定(ding)，再(zai)(zai)延續(xu)2～4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即(ji)可結(jie)(jie)束(shu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。 六、注(zhu)意事(shi)項 （1）隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保持內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)柱都保持在(zai)0.1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)一(yi)高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。 （2）向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)瓶(ping)注(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，做(zuo)好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉換的(de)(de)(de)(de)換算 七、實驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成果 （1）野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄格式見表1。 表1 野外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)記錄 工程(cheng)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)                    試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)          工程(cheng)編(bian)號                    計算者(zhe)            試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)期                    校核者(zhe)            試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu) 經過的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(s) 滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)m3/min 滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)m/min 滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)m/min 注(zhu)：A雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)徑(jing)面積（314cm2） I是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)梯(ti)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du), （2）計算滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu) 根據達(da)西定(ding)律(lv)(lv)：               k=Q/AI  式中(zhong)(zhong) Q穩定(ding)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)（m3/min）；      K滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)（m/min）；      A雙(shuang)(shuang)環(huan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)徑(jing)面積（m2）；      Z滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)坑(keng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（m）；      L在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)段內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)由試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)底向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)土層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)中(zhong)(zhong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（m）；      Hk水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)干土中(zhong)(zhong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)毛細壓力(li)，以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)柱高(gao)表示（m）； L值(zhi)(zhi)可在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后用(yong)手(shou)搖(yao)鉆取樣(yang)，測(ce)定(ding)其含水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變化得(de)知。Hk按(an)表2確(que)定(ding)。如(ru)果當試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為粗砂(sha)或粗砂(sha)卵石(shi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，而試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)中(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為10cm時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，Hk與Z及(ji)(ji)L相比則很小(xiao)I近似等于1，則 K=Q/A=V（滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)） 若試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是(shi)(shi)粘(zhan)性土類，可按(an)Hk的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際數(shu)(shu)(shu)值(zhi)(zhi)代入(ru)公式計算得(de)出I值(zhi)(zhi)，再(zai)(zai)利(li)用(yong) 求得(de)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)（K）。 表2. 不(bu)同(tong)巖(yan)性毛細壓力(li)Hk表 巖(yan)石(shi)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng) Hk（m） 巖(yan)石(shi)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng) Hk（m） 重亞粘(zhan)土輕(qing)亞粘(zhan)土重亞砂(sha)土輕(qing)亞砂(sha)土 1.00.80.60.4 細粒粘(zhan)土質砂(sha)粉(fen)砂(sha)細砂(sha)中(zhong)(zhong)砂(sha) 0.30.20.10.05 （3）成果 繪(hui)制試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑(keng)平面位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)圖； 計算滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)。 為了解在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)及(ji)(ji)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化，繪(hui)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)及(ji)(ji)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)(tou)速度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)隨的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曲線。

振動臺法實驗裝置是專業檢測儀(yi)器，按照公路(lu)土(tu)工試驗(yan)(yan)規程標準研(yan)制，振動臺法(fa)試驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置用(yong)于測定無粘性自由排水粗(cu)料土(tu)、巨料土(tu)、（包(bao)括堆石料）的最(zui)大干密度，本產品的最(zui)大密度，本產品具有結構緊湊，振動臺法(fa)試驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置使用(yong)方便等優點，廣泛用(yong)于施工現場實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室及科(ke)研(yan)單位。使用(yong)前(qian)務必仔(zi)細閱讀說(shuo)明書。并由專業實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)人(ren)員操作(zuo)(zuo)，以避免(mian)操作(zuo)(zuo)不當引起的傷害。如需了(le)解(jie)更多資(zi)料請(qing)與我公司客(ke)服人(ren)員聯系(xi)。

振動臺法實驗裝置設備質保期一年(nian)，一年(nian)內產品如(ru)有(you)質量問題，供方(fang)負責(ze)免費維(wei)修(xiu)。如(ru)果因操作不當或者人(ren)為損壞(huai)，我(wo)(wo)公司亦應提供維(wei)修(xiu)、更換服務，由此(ci)產生的費用我(wo)(wo)公司會酌情收取。

振動臺法實驗裝置技術參數:

1.采(cai)用變頻器，數(shu)字控制

2.振(zhen)動臺面尺寸：600x600mm（公路(lu)標(biao)準） 762×762mm（鐵路(lu)標(biao)準）

3.頻率(lv)振動：0---60HZ可調

4.雙振幅：0---2mm可調

振動臺法實驗裝置其它配套工具（由(you)用戶自配）

百分表及支架：表分表量程(cheng)至(zhi)少50mm以(yi)上，分度(du)值0.025mm

臺稱：量(liang)(liang)程50Kg，感(gan)量(liang)(liang)6g

起吊機：起吊重量(liang)至少(shao)180Kg

標(biao)準篩(shai)：60mm; 40mm; 20mm;10mm; 5mm; 0.074mm

其它工(gong)具：加厚(hou)底板(ban)提(ti)手、烘箱、金屬盤、小(xiao)鏟(chan)、大勺(shao)及(ji)漏斗、橡皮錘、秒表、直鋼尺、試筒布套等。

試驗方法（干土法）KS-500型雙環注水試驗裝置廠家

KS-500型雙環注水試驗裝置廠家